Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) was extensively researched and outlined by Mark Pimentel, Director of the Gastrointestinal Motility Program at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. SIBO occurs when excessive bacteria—whether beneficial or pathogenic—accumulate in the small intestine. While the large intestine is designed to house billions of bacteria that help eliminate waste and support overall health, the […]

Diarrhoea is not a disease in itself — it is a message from the body. When digestion becomes disrupted, irritated or overwhelmed, the body may respond by rapidly eliminating contents of the bowel. In this way, diarrhoea can be viewed as an “alarm bell,” signalling internal imbalance. While occasional loose stools may resolve quickly, ongoing […]

A hiatus hernia occurs when part of the stomach pushes (herniates) upward through the diaphragm at the opening of the oesophagus. This opening, called the hiatus, normally allows food to pass into the stomach — but when weakened or strained, the upper portion of the stomach can protrude through it.For some people, a hiatus hernia […]

Finding blood in the stool (also called rectal bleeding) can be alarming. In many cases the cause is minor, such as irritation from constipation or haemorrhoids. However, rectal bleeding should always be taken seriously and investigated, especially if it persists. Bleeding usually indicates that tissue somewhere in the digestive tract has become irritated, inflamed, or […]

Barrett’s oesophagus is a serious digestive condition that usually develops after long-standing gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It occurs when repeated exposure to stomach acid causes structural changes in the lining of the lower oesophagus. Normally, the oesophagus is lined with squamous epithelial cells. In Barrett’s oesophagus, these cells are replaced with columnar epithelium containing goblet […]

The pancreas is a vital organ responsible for producing digestive enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Pancreatitis occurs when these enzymes activate too early, inside the pancreas itself, instead of the intestines. This leads to autodigestion, where the enzymes damage the pancreatic tissue. Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic: Acute pancreatitis appears suddenly […]

Low bile acid, often accompanied by low bile salts, indicates reduced digestive capability. Bile acids are produced by the liver from cholesterol and play a vital role in breaking down fats and oils, allowing the body to absorb fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E, and K. Without adequate bile, digestion and nutrient absorption can be […]

Jaundice is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin, eyes, and sometimes other parts of the body. It occurs when there is an excess of bilirubin in the blood—a condition called hyperbilirubinemia. Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin breakdown in red blood cells, processed by the liver and eliminated via bile. Elevated bilirubin levels […]

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a type of bacteria that lives in the mouth and stomach lining. It is usually transmitted orally from person to person. Many people carry H. pylori without experiencing any symptoms, but when the bacteria overgrow, it can lead to digestive complications and other health issues. Common Symptoms of H. pylori […]

Crohn’s Disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes chronic inflammation anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract—from the mouth to the anus. It most commonly affects the end of the small intestine (ileum) where it joins the large intestine. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and malabsorption of nutrients. Supporting your digestive […]